# Joseph J. Williams, "Whence the 'Black Irish' of Jamaica?" (1932)
# Complete bibliography, pages 76 to 90, transcribed from the scan

Transcribed 4 October 2026 from the scanned copy held at
`1932-williams-whence-the-black-irish-of-jamaica.pdf`.
PDF pages 50 to 57 correspond to book pages 76 to 91.

Williams' own note at the head of the bibliography:
"Space restricts us to such works as are to be found in the Boston College Library,
Newton, Mass."

So this list is bounded by one library's holdings in 1932. It is not exhaustive even by
his own standards, which matters: anything he could not reach is missing.

The scanned copy carries a Lawrence Public Library stamp (Lawrence, Massachusetts).

---

## PRIORITY: the primary records for the transportations

These are the ones that actually carry the evidence. Everything else is commentary.

| Source | Why it matters |
|---|---|
| Thurloe, John. A Collection of the State Papers of John Thurloe, London, 1742 | Thurloe was Cromwell's Secretary of State and spymaster. The transportation correspondence runs through his office. This is the single most important item on the list. |
| Firth & Rait. Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, 1642-1660, London, 1911 | The actual legislation of the Cromwellian regime, as enacted |
| Prendergast, John Patrick. The Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland, Dublin, 1865 | The standard 19th century work on the Cromwellian land confiscation and transportation |
| Acts of the Privy Council, Colonial Series, 1613-1680, Hereford, 1908 | Crown-level colonial orders covering the whole transportation period |
| Firth, Charles Harding. The Narrative of General Venables concerning the Conquest of Jamaica, New York, 1900 | Venables commanded the 1655 English conquest of Jamaica. First-hand. |
| Livingston, Noel B. Sketch Pedigrees of some of the Early Settlers in Jamaica, Kingston, 1909 | GENEALOGICAL. Early Jamaica settler lineages. |
| Oliver, Vere Langford. The Monumental Inscriptions in the Churches and Churchyards of the Island of Barbados, London, 1915 | GENEALOGICAL. Names cut in stone in Barbados, the transit island. |
| Ligon, Richard. A True and Exact History of the Island of Barbados, London, 1673 | Contemporary eyewitness Barbados, written by a man who lived there |
| Acts of Assembly passed in the Island of Jamaica, from 1681 to 1754, St. Jago de la Vega, 1756 | Jamaica's own legislation, the period of the anti-Catholic acts |
| Laws of Jamaica passed by the Assembly and Confirmed by His Majesty in Council, Feb. 23, 1683, London, 1683 | ditto, earlier |
| Journals of the Assembly of Jamaica, Jamaica, 1804 | The debates themselves. Williams quotes these directly in chapter III. |
| Petty, William. Political Survey of Ireland, London, 1719 | Petty did the Down Survey and the population arithmetic for Cromwellian Ireland |
| Joyce, Patrick Weston. The Origin and History of Irish Names and Places, Dublin, 1875 | The surname argument, which is the spine of Williams' whole case |
| Harlow, Vincent T. A History of Barbados, 1625-1685, Oxford, 1926 | The scholarly Barbados history of Williams' own era |
| Blome, Richard. A Description of the Island of Jamaica, London, 1678 | Contemporary Jamaica |

---

## THE FULL LIST, as printed

### A
- Abbott, Wilbur Cortez. Bibliography of Oliver Cromwell, Cambridge, 1929.
- Acts of Assembly passed in the Island of Jamaica, from 1681 to 1754, St. Jago de la Vega, 1756.
- Acts of the Privy Council, Colonial Series, 1613-1680, Hereford, 1908.
- Anonymous. A Perfect Narrative of the Battell of Knocknones ... set down by an Officer of the Parliaments Army, London, 1647.
- Anonymous. The Irish Treaty, London, 1643.
- Amory, Thomas Coffin. Transfer of Erin, Philadelphia, 1877.
- Atkins, John. A Voyage to Guinea, Brasil, and the West Indies: in His Majesty's Ships, the Swallow and Weymouth, London, 1735.

### B
- Bagenal, Philip H. The American Irish, Boston, 1882.
- Bagwell, Richard. Ireland under the Stuarts and during the Interregnum, London, 1909.
- Baldock, Thomas Stanford. Cromwell the Soldier, London, 1899.
- Ball, Francis Elrington. The Judges in Ireland, 1221-1921, New York, 1927.
- Banks, John. A short Critical Review of the Political Life of Oliver Cromwell, London, 1743.
- Barrington, Johan. Rise and Fall of the Irish Nation, New York, 1845.
- Belshaw, Robert Redman. Irish Protestant Letters, New York, 1855.
- Berwick, Edward. The Rawson Papers, London, 1819.
- Bisset, Andrew. History of the Commonwealth of England, London, 1869.
- Blome, Richard. A Description of the Island of Jamaica with the other isles and territories in America, to which the English are Related, London, 1678.
- Bohun, Edmund. Geographical Dictionary, London, 1693.
- Boyle, John. The Battle-fields of Ireland, New York, 1867.
- Bradley, Arthur Granville. Britain Across the Seas, America, London, n.d.
- Bridges, George Wilson. Annals of Jamaica, London, 1828.
- Brodie, George. A History of the British Empire, from the Accession of Charles I to the Restoration, Edinburgh, 1822.
- Browne, Patrick. Civil and Natural History of Jamaica, London, 1789.
- Burdy, Samuel. The History of Ireland, Edinburgh, 1817.
- Burghclere, Winifred. The Life of James, First Duke of Ormonde, London, 1912.
- Burke, Edmund. An Account of the European Settlements in America, London, 1770.
- Burnet, Gilbert. History of His Own Times, London, 1850.
- Burton, Thomas (Nathaniel Bacon?). Diary of Thomas Burton, London, 1828.

### C
- Capel, Arthur. Letters Written in the Year 1675, Dublin, 1773.
- Cappa, Ricardo. Estudios criticos acerca de la Dominacion Espanola en America, Madrid, 1889.
- Carey, Matthew. Vindiciae Hibernicae, Philadelphia, 1837.
- Carey & Lea. The Geography, History, and Statistics of America and the West Indies, London, 1823.
- Carlyle, Thomas. Oliver Cromwell's Letters and Speeches, London, 1894.
- Carte, Thomas. An History of the Life of James, Duke of Ormonde, London, 1735-36.
- Carte, Thomas. A Collection of Original Letters and Papers, concerning the Affairs of England from the Year 1641 to 1660. Found among the Duke of Ormonde's Papers, London, 1739.
- Cary, Henry. Memorials of the Great Civil War in England from 1646 to 1652, London, 1842.
- Church, Samuel Harden. Oliver Cromwell, a History, New York, 1894.
- Clarendon, Edward Hyde. The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Oxford, 1839.
- Clarendon, Henry Hyde. The State Letters of Henry, Earl of Clarendon, Oxford, 1763.
- Claricarde, Marquis of. Memoirs, London, 1722.
- Coke, Thomas. History of the West Indies, Liverpool, 1808.
- Creel, George. Ireland's Fight for Freedom, New York, 1919.
- Cromwell, Thomas Kitson. Oliver Cromwell and his Times, London, 1822.
- Crone, John Smyth. A Concise Dictionary of Irish Biography, London, 1928.
- Cundall, Frank. Historic Jamaica, London, 1915.
- Curry, John. An Historical and Critical Review of the Civil Wars in Ireland, Dublin, 1775.

### D
- D'Alton, Edward Alfred. History of Ireland, London, 1910.
- Davila, Gil Gonzales. Teatro Ecclesiastico de la Primitiva Iglesia de las Indias Occidentales, Madrid, 1649.
- Delany, Francis X. History of the Catholic Church in Jamaica, New York, 1930.
- Desmond, Humphrey Joseph. Why God Loves the Irish, New York, 1918.
- Drinkwater, John. Oliver Cromwell, New York, 1927.
- Dunlop, Robert. Ireland from the Earliest Times, London, 1922.
- Dunlop, Robert. Ireland under the Commonwealth, Manchester, 1913.
- Dunn, Joseph. The Glories of Ireland, Washington, 1914.

### E, F
- Edwards, Bryan. History Civil and Commercial of the British Colonies in the West Indies, London, 1793.
- Emmet, Thomas Addis. Ireland under English Rule; or, A Plea for the Plaintiff, New York, 1903.
- Falkiner, Caesar Litton. Illustrations of Irish History and Topography, London, 1904.
- Firth, Charles Harding. The Last Years of the Protectorate, 1656-1658, London, 1909.
- Firth, Charles Harding. The Narrative of General Venables concerning the Conquest of Jamaica, New York, 1900.
- Firth & Rait. Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, 1642-1660, London, 1911.
- Fitzgerald, Thomas W. H. Ireland and Her People, Chicago, 1909.
- Ford, Patrick. Criminal History of the British Empire, New York, 1915.
- Fox-Bourne, H. R. The Story of the Colonies, London, 1869.
- Froude, James Anthony. The English in Ireland, New York, 1873.

### G
- Gardiner, Samuel Rawson. History of England, London, 1895.
- Gardiner, Samuel Rawson. History of the Great Civil War, London, 1897.
- Gardiner, Samuel Rawson. History of the Commonwealth, London, 1903.
- Gardiner, Samuel Rawson. Cromwell's Place in History, London, 1897.
- Gardner, William James. History of Jamaica, London, 1873.
- Gaunt, Mary. Where the Twain Meet, New York, 1922.
- Godwin, William. History of the Commonwealth of England, London, 1824-28.
- Green, Alice Stopford. Irish Nationality, London, 1919.
- Guizot, Francois Pierre Guillaume. Histoire de la Republique d'Angleterre et de Cromwell, Paris, 1864.
- Guizot, Francois Pierre Guillaume. Life of Oliver Cromwell, London, 1899.
- Guizot. History of Oliver Cromwell and the English Commonwealth, London, 1854.
- Guizot. Histoire du Protectorat de Richard Cromwell, Paris, 1856.
- Guizot. History of Richard Cromwell, London, 1856.
- Gwynn, Stephen Lucius. The Student's History of Ireland, New York, 1925.
- Gwynn, Stephen Lucius. Irish Books and Irish People, New York, 1919.

### H
- Hackett, Francis. The Story of the Irish Nation, New York, 1922.
- Hamilton, Ernest William. The Irish Rebellion of 1641, New York, 1920.
- Hanson, Francis. Preface to Laws of Jamaica, London, 1683.
- Harlow, Vincent T. A History of Barbados, 1625-1685, Oxford, 1926.
- Harrison, Frederick. Oliver Cromwell, London, 1888.
- Hassencamp, Robert. The History of Ireland from the Reformation to the Union, London, 1888.
- Haverty, Martin. The History of Ireland, Dublin, 1867.
- Hayden, Mary Teresa. A Short History of the Irish People, Dublin, 1921.
- Herlihy, C. J. The Celt above the Saxon, Boston, 1904.
- Hickson, Mary Agnes. Ireland in the Seventeenth Century, London, 1884.
- Hogan, James. Ireland in the European System, London, 1920.
- Hughes, Griffith. Natural History of Barbados, London, 1750.

### I, J, K, L
- Inderwick, Frederick Andrew. The Interregnum, London, 1891.
- Jefferys, Thomas. Natural and Civil History of the French Dominion in North and South America, London, 1760.
- Jones, James. Acts of Assembly passed in the Island of Jamaica from 1770 to 1783, Kingston, 1786.
- Journals of the Assembly of Jamaica, Jamaica, 1804.
- Joyce, Patrick Weston. A Concise History of Ireland, New York, 1908.
- Joyce, Patrick Weston. The Origin and History of Irish Names and Places, Dublin, 1875.
- Kerr, Archibald W. M. An Ironside of Ireland; the Remarkable Career of Lieut. General Michael Jones, London, 1923.
- King, William. Original Works, London, 1776.
- Lawless, Emily. Ireland, New York, 1890.
- Lawless, John. A Compendium of the History of Ireland, Belfast, 1815.
- Laws of Jamaica passed by the Assembly and Confirmed by His Majesty in Council, Feb. 23, 1683, London, 1683.
- Leland, Thomas. The History of Ireland, London, 1773.
- Leslie, James. New History of Jamaica, London, 1740.
- Ligon, Richard. A True and Exact History of the Island of Barbados, London, 1673.
- Lingard, John. History of England, Vol. VII-IX, Edinburgh, 1902.
- Livingston, Noel B. Sketch Pedigrees of some of the Early Settlers in Jamaica, Kingston, 1909.
- Lockington, W. J. The Soul of Ireland, New York, 1923.
- Lodge, Richard. History of England, Vol. VIII, New York, 1907.
- Long, Edward. History of Jamaica, London, 1774.

### M
- MacGeoghegan, James. The History of Ireland, New York, 1845.
- MacManus, Seumas. Ireland's Case, New York, 1918.
- MacNevin, Thomas. The Confiscation of Ulster, Dublin, 1846.
- Magee, William Kirkpatrick. Anglo-Irish Essays by John Eglinton (pseud.), New York, 1918.
- Maginniss, Jr., Thomas Hobbs. The Irish Contribution to American Independence, Philadelphia, 1913.
- Markham, Clements Robert. A Life of the great Lord Fairfax, Commander-in-Chief of the Army of the Parliament of England, London, 1870.
- Martin, R. M. Ireland before and after the Union, London, 1848.
- Maxwell, Constantia. A Short History of Ireland, New York, 1917.
- McAlister, Michael. An Authentic History of Ireland, Columbus, 1880.
- McAvoy, Thomas A. A Course of Lectures on Irish History, Worcester, 1915.
- McCarthy, Justin Huntly. An Outline of Irish History, London, 1883.
- McDonnell, John. The Ulster Civil War of 1641, Dublin, 1879.
- McGee, James A. "Thumping English Lies," New York, 1872.
- McGee, James E. Lives of Irishmen's Sons and their Descendants, New York, 1874.
- McGee, Thomas D'Arcy. A Popular History of Ireland, New York, 1864.
- McGee, Thomas D'Arcy. History of the Irish Settlers in North America, Boston, 1852.
- Meehan, Charles Patrick. The Confederation of Kilkenny, Dublin, 1882.
- Mitchel, John. The History of Ireland from the Treaty of Limerick, New York, 1868.
- Montague, F. C. Political History of England, Vol. VII, New York, 1907.
- Mooney, Thomas. A History of Ireland, Boston, 1845.
- Morris, William O'Connor. Ireland, Cambridge, 1898.
- Murphy, Denis. Cromwell in Ireland, Dublin, 1885.
- Murray, Robert Henry. Revolutionary Ireland and its Settlement, London, 1911.

### N, O
- Narcissus, Luttrell. A Brief Historical Relation of State Affairs from Sept. 1676 to April 1714, Oxford, 1857.
- North, Roger. The Lives of the Rt. Hon. Francis North, etc., London, 1826.
- O'Brien, Michael J. A Hidden Phase of American History, New York, 1919.
- O'Brien, Richard Barry. Studies in Irish History, Dublin, 1903.
- O'Callaghan, John Cornelius. The Green Book, Boston, 1849.
- O'Conor, Matthew. Military History of the Irish Nation, Dublin, 1845.
- O'Conor, W. A. History of the Irish People, London, 1886.
- O'Donnell, Elliott. The Irish Abroad, London, 1915.
- O'Donoghue, John. Historical Memoir of the O'Briens, Dublin, 1860.
- O'Donovan, Jeremiah. A History of Ireland ... in Epic Verse, Pittsburgh, 1854.
- O'Driscol, John. The History of Ireland, London, 1827.
- O'Flanagan, James Roderick. The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of Ireland, London, 1870.
- Oldmixon, John. The British Empire in America, London, 1708.
- Oliver, Vere Langford. The Monumental Inscriptions in the Churches and Churchyards of the Island of Barbados, London, 1915.
- O'Rahilly, Cecile. Ireland and Wales, their Historical and Literary Relations, London, 1924.
- O'Reilly, Bernard. The Cause of Ireland Pleaded before the Civilized World, New York, 1896.

### P, R
- Penn, Granville. Memorials of Sir William Penn, London, 1833.
- Petty, William. Political Survey of Ireland, London, 1719.
- Petty, William. Reflections upon some Persons and Things in Ireland, by letters to and from Dr. Petty, Dublin, 1790.
- Picton, James Allanson. Oliver Cromwell: the Man and His Mission, London, 1883.
- Pitman, Frank Wesley. Development of the British West Indies, 1700-1763, New Haven, 1917.
- Plowden, Francis. An Historical Review of the State of Ireland, London, 1803.
- Poyer, John. History of Barbados, London, 1808.
- Prendergast, John Patrick. The Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland, Dublin, 1865.
- Raulin, M. Histoire de la Jamaique, London, 1751.
- Renny, Robert. History of Jamaica, London, 1807.
- Robinson, Frances Mable. Irish History for English Readers, by Wm. Stephenson Gregg (pseud.), London, 1886.
- de Rochefort, Cesar. Histoire Naturelle et Morale des Antilles de l'Amerique, Rotterdam, 1681.
- Russell, Michael. Life of Oliver Cromwell, Edinburgh, 1833.
- Ryan, Frank J. Ireland's Crown of Thorns and Roses, Chicago, 1904.

### S, T
- Sherlock, Peter T. The Case of Ireland Stated Historically, Chicago, 1880.
- Sloane, Hans. A Voyage to the Islands, London, 1707.
- Smith, Goldwin. The United Kingdom, New York, 1907.
- Smyth, George Lewis. Ireland: Historically and Statistically, London, 1844-49.
- Stace, Machell. Cromwelliana, Westminster, 1810.
- State Tracts: being a Collection of Several Treatises relating to the Government, London, 1689.
- Sullivan, Alexander Martin. Story of Ireland, Dublin, 1894.
- Taafe, Dennis. An Impartial History of Ireland, Dublin, 1810.
- Tangye, Richard. The Two Protectors: Oliver and Richard Cromwell, London, 1899.
- Taylor, William Cooke. History of the Civil Wars in Ireland, Edinburgh, 1831.
- Temple, John. History of the General Rebellion in Ireland, York, 1766.
- Thebaud, Augustus J. The Irish Race in the Past and the Present, New York, 1873.
- Thurloe, John. A Collection of the State Papers of John Thurloe, London, 1742.
- Turner, Edward Raymond. Ireland and England in the Past and at Present, New York, 1919.

### W, Z
- Warner, Ferdinando. The History of the Rebellion and Civil War in Ireland, London, 1767.
- Watts, Arthur P. Une Histoire de Colonies Anglaises aux Antilles (1649-1660), Paris, 1925.
- Waylen, James. The House of Cromwell, London, 1880.
- Webb, Alfred. A Compendium of Irish History, Dublin, 1878.
- Whitson, Agnes M. The Constitutional Development of Jamaica, 1660 to 1729, Manchester, 1929.
- Williams, Joseph J. Whisperings of the Caribbean, New York, 1925.
- Williamson, James A. The Caribbee Islands under the Proprietary Patents, London, 1926.
- Wills, James. Lives of Illustrious and Distinguishes Irishmen, Dublin, 1847.
- Wright, Thomas. History of Ireland, London, 1854.
- Zimmer, Heinrich. The Irish Element in Mediaeval Culture, New York, 1891.

---

## What the INDEX reveals about Williams' categories

The index begins on page 91. Two entries settle the question of what Williams actually
argued, because they are indexed SEPARATELY:

- "African slaves, 12, 20, 33, 35, 41, 56, 57."
- "Bondsmen (Indentured servants), 2, 19, 20, 35, 36, 38, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 49, 52,
  54, 55, 56, 57, 61, 72, 73."

Williams treats transported Irish as bondsmen and indentured servants, and African
slaves as a separate category. He does not merge them, and he does not describe the Irish
as Black. Twenty page references for the bondsmen against seven for African slaves shows
where the weight of the book sits.

Other index entries worth noting: Barbados, West Indies has 25 page references, the
single most referenced subject. "Boucan", 47. Assiento, 59. Bristol, England, 5, 11, 22,
33 (Bristol was the port the trade ran through).

---

## Where to get these

Most of this list is pre-1930 and therefore out of copyright. Realistic routes:
- Internet Archive and HathiTrust for the 18th and 19th century printed works
- British Library and the National Archives for Thurloe's State Papers and the Privy
  Council Colonial Series
- The Jamaica Archives for the Assembly journals
- Williams worked from Boston College Library; their holdings are catalogued online